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SS Oregon (1878)
The SS ''Oregon'' (1878-1906) was a coastal passenger/cargo ship constructed in Chester, Pennsylvania by the Delaware River Iron Ship Building and Engine Works in February 1878. Originally delivered to the Oregon Steamship Company, she was used on the Portland, Oregon to San Francisco, California route for many years.〔 In 1879, the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company became the ''Oregon's'' new owners after purchasing the Oregon Steamship Company. Also included in this purchase were the steamships ''George W. Elder'' and ''City of Chester''.〔 While in O.R. & N service, ''Oregon'' served alongside the ''Columbia'', which was the first commercial use of Thomas Edison's incandescent light bulb.〔Jehl, Francis
(Menlo Park reminiscences : written in Edison's restored Menlo Park laboratory ), Henry Ford Museum and Greenfield Village, Whitefish, Mass, Kessinger Publishing, 1 July 2002, page 564〕 Like the ''Oregon'' the ''Columbia'' was also built by John Roach & Sons in Chester, Pennsylvania.〔Belyk, Robert C. Great Shipwrecks of the Pacific Coast. New York: Wiley, 2001. Print.ISBN 0-471-38420-8〕 Over time, ''Oregon's'' hull became breached after a number of incidents. Furthermore, the hull had been weighted with concrete to the point where she was considered un-useable for service as a passenger liner.〔 After operating as a freighter, she was laid in 1894 at Portland.〔 In 1899, the ''Oregon'' was re-qualified to carry passengers once more. She was sold by O.R. & N the same year.〔("May run to Cape Nome - San Francisco Call, Volume 86, Number 161" ). Archive. California Digital Newspaper Collection. 8 November 1899. p. 9. Retrieved 22 August 2013.〕 Despite this, she was viewed as a cursed ship by her crew.〔 The ''Oregon'' was owned by the White Star Steamship Company from around 1902 to 1905 (not to be confused with the White Star Line). Around this time, the ''Oregon'' was being operated between Alaska and Puget Sound.〔
On September 13, 1906, the ''Oregon'' ran aground on the rocky shoreline of Cape Hinchinbrook, Alaska. At the time, there was no active lighthouse at Cape Hinchinbrook (although one was under construction). It is unknown whether poor navigation or reduced visibility caused the wreck. Shortly after the collision, the bottom of the vessel was torn open and water began flooding the ship. The ''Oregon'' became stuck on the rocks without any barrier from the open sea. After crewmembers began boarding the lifeboats, Captain Horace E. Soule threatened to shoot any man attempting to steal one. This led to the crew obeying any further orders and a small party were sent off in a lifeboat to report the disaster in Valdez. When the report of ''Oregons wreck reached Valdez, many ships set out to rescue the passengers and crew. Remarkably, all 110 remaining people on board the ''Oregon'' were rescued by the revenue cutter ''Columbine''. The ''Oregon'' however, was reported as a total loss.〔
==References==
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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